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Libyan House of Representatives (مجلس النواب الليبي)

 

Introduction

On the 22nd of May 2014 the GNC announced their decision to hold parliamentary elections on the 25th of June 2014. Although this hasty decision came after the people's call for the GNC to step down in February 2014, the short period allowed would not be sufficient enough to prepare for the elections, the Libyans said. The same mistake was made in 2012 when hundreds of political parties were quickly formed while the Libyans were left blasting each other in the background, with rockets and missiles continue to fall on civilian homes to this day (July 2014). The result was that Libya's first elections of the 7th of July 2012 resulted in a failed GNC, with the media, as usual, hailing the failure a "success", despite the complicated electoral system, and in spite of the number of violations committed including barring Berber-dominated Constituency 8 from taking part in party-election.  

Such parties and failures may thus be the reason for many Libyans to boycott the elections of the House of Representatives, leading to low turnout - a mere 14% of Libyans voted for the HoR. Hence, it was no longer possible to mask the repeated failures of the elected governments to represent the people of Libya, nor to suppress the independent reports documenting the grand conspiracy to destabilise Libya - the conspiracy it took 2 years for Libya's chief of the Special Forces to discover, and 3 years for Libya's Prime Minister (Mr. Althni) to attribute to an "anonymous enemy" [1].

 

What Is "House of Representatives"?

The House of Representatives (HoR), also known as the "Council of Representatives" (CoR), or the Libyan Parliament, is a temporary, transitional council elected to govern the country until a constitution is written, as defined by the draft constitution committee [2]: السلطة التشريعية المؤقتة للدولة للمرحلة الانتقالية إلى حين نفاذ الدستور 

After the people's call for the GNC to step down (after its term of office expired in February 2012 without achieving any of the tasks it was elected to do), the GNC issued another amendment to the constitutional declaration, namely Amendment 7, in which it decided to replace itself by a new elected body called مجلس النواب, meaning "The Council of Representatives", which is widely translated as "The House of Representatives".

According to CD Amendment 7:

  • The Constitution Drafting Assembly (CDA) will prepare the draft constitution.
  • Decisions within the CDA shall be made by a majority of two thirds + 1.
  • The CDA shall draft and approve the constitution in no more than 120 days from holding its first meeting.
  • The HoR shall issue the law of general elections based on the constitution within 30 days from the issuance of the constitution.
  • The general elections shall be held within 120 days from the date of issuance of the relevant laws.
  • The above two conditions mean that the life of the HoR is 150 days (120 + 30) from the issuance of the final constitution.
  • The HNEC shall be responsible for organising the general elections according to the relevant regulations.

Download the English Constitutional Declaration Amendment 7 of the 11th of March 2014

Download the Arabic Constitutional Declaration Amendment 7 of the 11th of March 2014

 

Parliament Members

The House of Representatives is made of 200 members representing most of the towns and cities of Libya, except some towns like Berber Jado and Zuwarah, who boycotted the elections due to constitutional marginalisation, if not sponsored persecution. One hundred and sixty eight (168) seats were allocated to men, leaving thirty two (32) seats for women [3].  In total only 188 members were elected on the 25th of June 2014, with 12 seats remaining undecided due to boycott and violence erupting in some polling stations.

 

Parliament Headquarters

Tibesti Hotel, Benghazi.
Head of administration: Faraj Najem.
Date of opening: 4th of August 2014.
Initially it was reported that the parliament will convene from the Tourist Village in Garyounis, Benghazi.
But later it was revealed that Tibesti Hotel was modified to temporarily house the House of Representatives.

Given the current level of  "effected" terrorism in Benghazi, and given the fact that Libya still is without a police force and without an army, the strange decision to insist on the Benghazi location could jeopardize the lives of the elected council members, even though some critics said the lives of the HoR members are no better than the lives of the people of Benghazi. Tibesti hotel was a target of a number of terrorist attacks in the past few years; not to say that the GNC had repeatedly failed to protect its headquarters in Tripoli, resulting in laws being passed by the gun.

On the 4th of August 2014, the House of Representatives held its handover ceremony in Tobruk’s Dar Assalam Hotel (فندق دار السلام). Only the first deputy president of the GNC attended the ceremony, as well as the Justice Minister. The HoR still is in Tobruk ten days later.

 

Handover Ceremony

According to Decree 56 of 2014, issued by the GNC on the 22nd of July 2014, the GNC will handover power to the HoR on Monday the 4th of August 2014. For unknown reason the location and the exact time of the handover ceremony have not been revealed. Decree 56/2014 states that the oldest member of the HoR will chair the opening session.

Head of Handover Committee: Rasmi Abourwein (رسمي ابوروين).

Download Decree 56 of 2014

 

Registered Voters

  Male Female Total  
Registered Voters 905,483 603,808 1,509,291  
Actual Voters     630,000  
Turnout Percentage*     14% (of all Libyans)  
         
Registered Voters By Age Group (in years)
18-29 30-39  40-49  50-59  60+ 
470,458 398,824 317,318 172,481 150,210
         
         
* The percentage is calculated in relation to the estimated number of Libyans (4.5 million). The total number of Libyans is said to be 6 million (including 1.5 million immigrants). This means that only 14% of Libyans have voted for the parliament; with 86% either refusing to vote, being under age, boycotting the elections, unable to register due to complicated ID bureaucracy imposed by the failed system, or not believing in elections altogether.

 

Number of Voters Abroad:

  Female Male Total
Number of Voters 1,147 2,669 3,816
Less than 1%  (or 0.19%) of Libyans abroad.

 


The number of registered voters abroad:

Country City Reg. G. Age
M. F. 18-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60+
Canada Ottawa 489 324 165 104 146 158 74 7
Canada Calgary 281 181 100 54 101 85 37 4
Canada Toronto 233 143 90 54 60 64 48 7
Egypt Alexandria 140 107 33 28 48 36 14 14
Egypt Cairo 938 674 264 187 315 268 99 69
Germany Berlin 333 251 82 67 134 85 28 19
Germany Bonn 445 283 162 72 178 130 47 18
Jordan Amman 454 330 124 156 113 114 46 25
Ireland Dublin 301 208 93 90 72 91 44 4
Italy Rome 379 277 102 86 116 87 58 32
Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 750 564 186 156 299 224 62 9
Qatar Doha 314 199 115 53 74 99 75 13
Tunisia Tunis 393 291 102 94 98 94 70 37
Turkey Istanbul 366 265 101 75 113 120 34 24
UAE Dubai 612 384 228 132 111 176 141 52
UK London 1001 661 340 231 292 274 142 62
UK Manchester 1390 946 444 260 421 464 204 41
USA Washington DC 571 370 201 106 238 127 63 37
USA Denver 228 146 82 30 99 69 20 10
USA Houston 130 84 46 23 43 36 15 13
USA Los Angeles 180 117 63 46 47 39 27 21
USA Chicago 159 105 54 34 61 41 15 8

*
Reg: Registered
G: Gender
M: Male
F: Female

Note:

Despite the fact that there are over one million Libyan refugees in Tunisia and Egypt (exiled as a direct result of the UN bombing campaign in 2011)  the above confirmed number of voters from Egypt and Tunisia (merely 938 and 393 voters respectively) does not make sense. Does this mean that the majority of Libyans abroad were deprived from taking part in this democratic chaos simply because of their political orientation?

 

Downloads

Download statistics for overseas turnout

Download polling manual, in English

Download out of country polling manual, in English

Download a list of candidates who did not submit their financial report

 

 

Number of Candidates

According to the website of the HNEC, 1743 candidate applications were received by the final day of registration (20th of May 2014) from all the main constituencies and from most of the sub-constituencies except from Jado and Zuwarah - the Berber areas that were barred by the NTC from taking part in party elections during the previous elections of the July 2012 and who are now boycotting the elections for constitutional marginalisation.

Download the full announcement from: https://www.temehu.com/HOR/hnec-pressRelease-51-22.pdf

Download table of seat distribution across constituencies from: https://www.temehu.com/HOR/توزيع-مقاعد-مجلس-النواب.pdf

Download candidate behaviour requirements from: https://www.temehu.com/HOR/behaviour-rules.pdf (قواعد-السلوك)

Download candidate registration requirements from: https://www.temehu.com/HOR/لائحة-تسجيل-المرشحين.pdf

 

 

Lists of Candidates:

  1. Constituency 1: الدائرة الانتخابية الأولى

  2. Constituency 2: الدائرة الانتخابية الثانية

  3. Constituency 3: الدائرة الانتخابية الثالثة

  4. Constituency 4: الدائرة الانتخابية الرابعة

  5. Constituency 5: الدائرة الانتخابية الخامسة

  6. Constituency 6: الدائرة الانتخابية السادسة

  7. Constituency 7: الدائرة الانتخابية السابعة

  8. Constituency 8: الدائرة الانتخابية الثامنة

  9. Constituency 9: الدائرة الانتخابية التاسعة

  10. Constituency 10: الدائرة الانتخابية العاشرة

  11. Constituency 11: الدائرة الانتخابية الحادية عشرة

  12. Constituency 12: الدائرة الانتخابية الثانية عشرة

  13. Constituency 13: الدائرة الانتخابية الثالثة عشرة

 

candidate statistics

Total number of candidates per constituency, with different columns for men and women. 
Download this table

 

 

Member Distribution Across 13 Constituencies:

 

map of parliament members distribution across Libya

HNEC map showing the distribution of parliament members across Libya's 13 constituencies.(Click for a larger map.)

 

 

 

 

References

  • [1]: The Libyan Prime Minister Abdullah Althni revealed in his statement of the 5th of June 2014 that destroying Libya's security infrastructure was a mistake, and that Libya is facing an "anonymous enemy" which must be dealt with not by deploying more weapons and soldiers but by building a "strong security service" (www.pm.gov.ly/news/رئيس-الحكومة-المؤقتة-المكلف-الحكومة-ستقدم-كل-الدعم-لبنغازي-حتى-تثبت-وتقاوم-الخارجين-عن-القانون.html).]
  • [2]: cecly.ly/index.php/com-phocadownload-controlpanel/ct-menu-item-9/ct-menu-item-21/57-2014-03-30-07-09-37
  • [3]: hnec.ly
  • [4]: voteabroad.ly/
  • [5]: huffingtonpost.com/sasha-toperich/libya-the-muslim-brotherhoods-last-stand_b_5618001.html
  • [List of candidates]: candidates.hnec.ly

 

 

 

 

 

 

HoR Election Results

 

Is there a relation between the attacks on Tripoli airport and the House of Representatives results?

Many analysts say the the current clashes (still raging between the so-called "Islamist-led militias" and the so-called "liberal Zintani" brigades) are directly related to the delay in announcing the election results; with one source specifically stating that the failure of the Islamist parties in the HoR elections may be behind the current violence. The source [1] says the Islamist parties are afraid the new parliament will support Haftar's war against militant islamists, and, according to another source [2], may also revoke the controversial "Political Isolation Law". 

According to the Huffington Post, "fewer than 25 of the 200-member parliament are Muslim Brotherhood or allied with the group" [2]; and that Misrata is the stronghold of Islamist militias supported by two GNC blocs: the "Muslim Brotherhood" and the "Loyalty to Martyrs", who had previously used the gun to pass the controversial "Political Isolation Law" [2].  However, according to a Foreign Policy report, "In their recent discussions with European diplomats, Muslim Brotherhood leaders have said that they will only end their assault on the airport once Haftar ends his military operations" [1].

Therefore it does not come as a surprise that the GNC-created LROR is the main force currently battling Zintani brigades in and around Tripoli airport, simply because the Zintani Qaaqaa and Sawaiq brigades were among the first to declare their support for Haftar's war against militant islamists in Benghazi. The two-week delay in handing over power to the House of Representatives, the Huffington report says, "could give the Misrata militia a chance to oust the Zintan militia from the airport" [2]. As of today (the 2nd of August 2014) the raging battle is spreading to other areas surrounding the airport including Ben Ghashir, Ain Zara and Janzur, with innocent women and children paying the usual price for the fire of some men - previously known as "unarmed civilians" by the UN.

 

Election Results: the council of the un-represented

With only 630,000 Libyans (out of 4.5 million Libyans) turning up for the House of Representatives elections on the 25th of June 2014, the poor turnout of around 14% can hardly be considered representative of Libya [3].  If the unconfirmed reports of only 300,000 Libyans have voted for the House of Representatives are true, then the turnout is less than 7%. Moreover, most of the winners were elected with merely a few hundred votes each, while some winners from big cities (like Tripoli and Benghazi) have managed to secure a few thousand votes each.  See HoR Members for the exact votes won by each candidate.

Of course, the election committee [4] announced the news in a way to make it sound success, by working out the percentage of turnout in relation to the registered voters (1.5 million people), giving a misleading percentage of 45%; hence confirming the common belief that "politics" equates to "deceit".  In some western countries a minimum must be reached before legally endorsing the results. For example, in 2010 no English party was able to secure the required majority in the House of Commons, resulting in what is called a "hung parliament".

 

Fraudulent Results: (إلغاء نتيجة  23 محطة اقتراع بسبب وقوع أعمال غير قانونية )

4 July 2014:

After checking results from 120 polling stations the HNEC has cancelled the results of 23 polling stations due to illegal procedures that the HNEC believes could have affected the results. A press conference was held on the 6th of July 2014, in which the HNEC announced some preliminary results and discussed the received complaints [5].

 

Exclusion of Candidates After Announcing The results: (استبعاد مرشحين طبقا لقرار هيئة تولي المناصب العامة )

Adding to the long list of controversies shrouding Libyan politics with confusion, forty one candidates including four winners were excluded by the HNEC after voting had ended and after the preliminary results were announced. Many Libyans responded with "disbelief" and stated that if any of these candidates had anything to do with the ousted regime, then such evidence should have been presented long before voting began, while the election committee [8] defended its decision by saying there was not enough time allowed to check the list of candidates before the elections started (وقد اتخذ هذا الإجراء بسبب محدودية الفترة الزمنية للعملية الانتخابية ).

 

Financial Reports

The HNEC has published a list of 350 candidates who had failed to provide the required "financial report" (showing all the expenditure relating to the election campaign). According to Articles 15 and 37 of the Election Law every candidate has 15 days from the election day to provide the report (regardless of the results), otherwise he or she will face either prison sentence or 5000 dinars fine.

Download the full list of the candidates who did not provide the financial report.

 

Vacant Seats

The HNEC has announced that it will do all it can to make sure elections will be held to fill the remaining 12 vacant seats. These seats are for representatives from the following areas:

  • Zuwarah (زوارة) - one seat
  • Jado (جادو) - one seat
  • Jmail (الجميل) - one seat
  • Regdalin - Zulthen (رقدالين زلطن) - one seat
  • Kufra (الكفرة) - three seats
  • Darna (درنة) - four seats
  • Women: 13th constituency - one shared seat (مقعد للنساء مشترك في عدد من الدوائر الفرعية في الدائرة الانتخابية الثالثة عشر).

 

Preliminary Results: (26th, 27th, 28th, 29th of June and 6th of July)

 

 

Final Results: (21th of July 2014)

The HNEC initially said the final results will be released on the 20th of July 2014 [6].
On the 20th of July 2014 the HNEC said the results will be announced on the 21st of July 2014 [7].
The following are the final results for 188 seats announced on the 21st of July 2014.
The remaining 12 seats will remain vacant for the time being.

 

Please click on the next tab (in the above menu ) for a full list of parliament members.

 

References

  • [1]: transitions.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2014/07/22/libyas_islamists_go_for_broke
  • [2]: huffingtonpost.com/sasha-toperich/libya-the-muslim-brotherhoods-last-stand_b_5618001.html
  • [3]: Results website: hnec.ly/?page_id=5741
  • [4]: hnec.ly/?p=5678
  • [5]: hnec.ly/?p=6050
  • [6]: hnec.ly/?p=6192
  • [7]: hnec.ly/?p=6230
  • [8]: hnec.ly/?p=6178 ; hnec.ly/?p=6174

 

 

 

 

HoR Members

 

 

 

  Photo Name Area  
1 Saleh Hashem Saleh Altha'a

Saleh Hashem Altha'a

Votes: 3008

Tobruk
2 Nureddin Khalid Adam Abdulhamid

Nureddin Khalid Abdulhamid

Votes: 1879

Tobruk
3 Assalhin Abdannabi Muhammed Sa'ad

Assalhin Abdannabi Sa'ad

Votes: 1610

Tobruk
4 Muftah Athiyah Muhammed Alsha'ari

Muftah Athiyah Alsha'ari

Votes: 1388

Tobruk
5 Muna Adam Dawoud Alghithi

Muna Adam Alghithi

Votes: 2559

Qubah
6 Agila Saleh Egwaider

Agila Saleh Egwaider

Votes: 913

Qubah
7

Thalal Abdullah Musa Almaihoub

Thalal Abdullah Almaihoub

Votes: 623

Qubah
8 Sulthna Masoud Boubaker Abdulrahim

Sulthna Masoud Abdulrahim

Votes: 5906

Cyrene + Byda + Merj
9 Nasereddin Mahni Ghabashi Muftah

Nasereddin Mahni Muftah

Votes: 567

Cyrene
10 Almuntasir Sa'ad Athiyah 'Ali

Almuntasir Sa'ad 'Ali

Votes: 560

Cyrene
11 Idris Omran Abdulhadi Adam

Idris Omran Adam

Votes: 1412

Bayda
12 Adam Saleh Adam Busakhra

Adam Saleh Busakhra

Votes: 1227

Bayda
13 Abdulmuthalib Idris Thabet Hamed

Abdulmuthalib Idris Hamed

Votes: 968

Bayda
14 Suleiman Khathab Eswiker 'Awed

Suleiman Khathab 'Awed

Votes: 1079

Merj
15 Abdulmunaim Jum'aa Salem Hasan

Abdulmunaim Jum'aa Hasan

Votes: 980

Merj
16 Faraj Abdullah Idris Hashem

Faraj Abdullah Hashem

Votes: 962

Merj
17 Rabha Abdulsalam Ali Alfurjani

Rabha Abdulsalam Alfurjani

Votes: 3474

Qasr Libya
18 Khalifa Saleh Said  Aldghari

Khalifa Saleh Aldghari

Votes: 1149

Qasr Libya
19 S'aid Khalid Omar Esbaqa

S'aid Khalid Esbaqa

Votes: 425

Tukra
20 Yousif Ibrahim Muhammed Hamed

Yousif Ibrahim Hamed

Votes: 418

Tukra
21 Ali Faraj Ibrahim Khaled

Ali Faraj Ibrahim Khaled

Votes: 1308

Abyar
22 Sa'ad Abdulqader Abdulqader Albadri

Sa'ad Abdulqader Albadri

Votes: 1209

Abyar
23 Amal Muhammed Abdulsalam B'ayyu

Amal Muhammed B'ayyu

Votes: 14086

Benghazi
24 Aisha Yousef Abdullah Althbelqi

Aisha Yousef Althbelqi

Votes: 8003

Benghazi
25 Siham Salem Soulieman Serqiwah

Siham Salem Serqiwah

Votes: 5883

Benghazi
26 Asmahan Abdulqader Hasen Bela'oun

Asmahan Abdulqader Bela'oun

Votes: 5452

Benghazi
27 Younis Omar Mansour Fennoush

Younis Omar Fennoush

Votes: 4838

Benghazi
28 Ibrahim  Fathi Ibrahim 'Ameish

Ibrahim  Fathi 'Ameish

Votes: 4559

Benghazi
29 Ali Ramadan Khalil Abuz'akouk

Ali Ramadan Abuz'akouk

Votes: 3932

Benghazi
30 Thariq Saqer Adam Aljaroushi

Thariq Saqer Aljaroushi

Votes: 2863

Benghazi
31 Abubaker Mustafa Ali B'airah

Abubaker Mustafa B'airah

Votes: 2853

Benghazi
32 Adel Faraj Ibrahim Althirah

Adel Faraj Ibrahim Althirah

Votes: 2080

Benghazi
33 Ziyad Saleh Salem Dghim

Ziyad Saleh Dghim

Votes: 2007

Benghazi
34 Muftah Mraji'a Muhammed Ekwider

Muftah Mraji'a Ekwider

Votes: 1792

Benghazi
35 Ahmed Shihoub Ibrahim Alwahdi

Ahmed Shihoub Alwahdi

Votes: 1532

Benghazi
36 Esa Muhammed Assanousi Al'aribi

Esa Muhammed Al'aribi

Votes: 1417

Benghazi
37 Jalal Saleh Abdulsalam Ashwihdi

Jalal Saleh Ashwihdi

Votes: 1307

Benghazi
38 Ramdan Muhammed Muhammed Shembesh

Ramdan Muhammed Shembesh

Votes: 1220

Benghazi
39 Ism Abdullah Muhammed Aljahani

Ism Abdullah Aljahani

Votes: 1073

Benghazi
40 Ibrahim Abubaker Abdulrahman Aldarsi

Ibrahim Abubaker Aldarsi

Votes: 1072

Benghazi
41 Sa'ad Muhammed Saleh Aljazwi

Sa'ad Muhammed Aljazwi

Votes: 1057

Benghazi
42 Bader Ali Sulieman Musa

Bader Ali Sulieman Musa

Votes: 977

Benghazi
43 Ibrahim Abdullah Abdulsalam Alzaghid

Ibrahim Abdullah Alzaghid

Votes: 589

Gmines
44 Yousef Muhammed Kamoud Alfakhri

Yousef Muhammed Alfakhri

Votes: 610

Suluq
45 Fathallah Housein Abdulkarim Muhammed

Fathallah Housein Abdulkarim

Votes: 844

Ajdabiya
46 Mustafa Ahmed Abdulali Muhammed

Mustafa Ahmed Abdulali

Votes: 784

Ajdabiya
47 Muhammed Sa'ad Hemmad Saleh

Muhammed Sa'ad Saleh

Votes: 782

Ajdabiya
48 Friha Abdulsalam Mustafa Alhadiri

Friha Abdulsalam Alhadiri

Votes: 4933

Ajdabiya + Brega
49 Idris Abdullah Idris Faraj

Idris Abdullah Faraj

Votes: 460

Brega
50 Saleh Abdulkarim Emjahed Efhima

Saleh Abdulkarim Efhima

Votes: 514

Sidra
51 Amer Omran Naser Aboubaker

Amer Omran Aboubaker

Votes: 485

Sidra
52 Aziza Kerkrah Omar Abousetta

Aziza Kerkrah Abousetta

Votes: 2300

Sirte
53 Zayed Hadiyah Athiyah Aboubaker

Zayed Hadiyah Aboubaker

Votes: 1093

Sirte
54 Hasen Saleh Muhammed Alzarqa

Hasen Saleh Alzarqa

Votes: 875

Sirte
55 Aboubaker Muhammed Omar Muhammed

Aboubaker Omar Muhammed

Votes: 723

Sirte
56 Adnan Fouzi Muhammed Alsha'ab

Adnan Fouzi Alsha'ab

Votes: 930

Msallatah
57 Abdulmun'aim Faraj Alfaqih

Abdulmun'aim Faraj Alfaqih

Votes: 623

Msallatah
58 Sabah Jum'aa Muhammed Alhaj Faraj

Sabah Jum'aa Faraj

Votes: 1906

Tarhunah
59 Hasen Alfurjani Salem Salem

Hasen Alfurjani Salem

Votes: 628

Tarhunah
60 Muhammed Omar Muhammed Al'abani

Muhammed Omar Al'abani

Votes: 530

Tarhunah
61 Aboubaker Ahmed Said Saleh

Aboubaker Ahmed Saleh

Votes: 520

Tarhunah
62 Hasen Althaher Ali Musbah

Hasen Althaher Musbah

Votes: 650

Bani Walid
63 Muhammed Ali Alwa'er Ibrahim

Muhammed Ali Ibrahim

Votes: 474

Bani Walid
64 Jaballah Muhammed Jaballah Muhammed

Jaballah Muhammed Jaballah

Votes: 668

Tawergha
65 Hanan Muhammed Abdullah Shlouf

Hanan Muhammed Shlouf

Votes: 15882

Misrata
66 Sulieman Muhammed Alfaqih

Sulieman Muhammed Alfaqih

Votes: 11166

Misrata
67 Fathi Ali Abdulsalam Bashagha

Fathi Ali Bashagha

Votes: 6589

Misrata
68 Muhammed Abdulkarim Alra'id

Muhammed Abdulkarim Alra'id

Votes: 2690

Misrata
69 Abdulrahman Alhshibani Alsweihli

Abdulrahman Alhshibani Alsweihli

Votes: 2129

Misrata
70 Muhammed Ibrahim Ali Aldrrath

Muhammed Ibrahim Aldrrath

Votes:2085

Misrata
71 Muhammed Mansour Ali Hnish

Muhammed Mansour Hnish

Votes: 1753

Misrata
72 Kamal Albashir Ahmed Aljamel

Kamal Albashir Aljamel

Votes: 1646

Misrata
73 Na'ima Ramadan 'Aqeil Dalf

Na'ima Ramadan Dalf

Votes: 4420

Zliten
74 Muhammed Alhadi Ali Ben Khalil

Muhammed Alhadi Ben Khalil

Votes: 1277

Zliten
75 Abdulghani Ahmed Muhammed Alfthisi

Abdulghani Ahmed Alfthisi

Votes: 1160

Zliten
76 Ezeddine Abdulsalam Athiyah Qweireb

Ezeddine Abdulsalam Qweireb

Votes: 1105

Zliten
77 Emar Milad Rajab Alablaq

Emar Milad Rajab Alablaq

Votes: 1047

Zliten
78 Aboubaker Ibrahim Mahmoud Milad

Aboubaker Ibrahim Milad

Votes: 1080

Khoms Coast
79 Yousef Abdulsalam Ali Alferjani

Yousef Abdulsalam Alferjani

Votes: 950

Khoms Coast
80 Abdulnaser Alameen Alna'as

Abdulnaser Alameen Alna'as

Votes: 479

Khoms City
81 Kamal Abdulkarim Housein Alshalbi

Kamal Abdulkarim Alshalbi

Votes: 404

Khoms City
82 Fathi Abdulsalam Ramadan Alsharif

Fathi Abdulsalam Alsharif

Votes:1026

Qasr Alakhyar
83 Ibtisam Abdulsalam Ali Ben Jum'aa

Ibtisam Abdulsalam Ben Jum'aa

Votes: 1311

Castelverde
84 Ali Khalifa Salem Alsoul

Ali Khalifa Salem Alsoul

Votes: 855

Castelverde
85 Alsadeq Ali Muhammed Alkahili

Alsadeq Ali Alkahili

Votes: 1596

Tripoli: Tajoura
86 Aboualkhayer Alsha'ab Belkhayer

Aboualkhayer Alsha'ab Belkhayer

Votes: 1351

Tripoli: Tajoura
87 Khalid Ali Muhammed Alostha

Khalid Ali Muhammed Alostha

Votes: 1172

Tripoli: Tajoura
88 Mustafa Abushagour Ghaith Abushagour

Mustafa Abushagour Abushagour

Votes: 14305

Tripoli: Souq Aljum'aa
89 Rabi'aa Alsadeq Khalifa Alfaqih

Rabi'aa Alsadeq Alfaqih

Votes: 5376

Tripoli: Souq Aljum'aa
90 Loua Muhammed Najib Alghawi

Loua Muhammed Alghawi

Votes: 1900

Tripoli: Souq Aljum'aa
91 Alsadiq Muftah Ramadan Hmoudah

Alsadiq Muftah Hmoudah

Votes: 1515

Tripoli: Souq Aljum'aa
92 Muhammed Mustafa Abousa'a Rashed

Muhammed Mustafa Rashed

Votes: 1362

Tripoli: Souq Aljum'aa
93 Fouziyyah Muhammed Muftah Aboghalya

Fouziyyah Muhammed Aboghalya

Votes: 7330

Tripoli Centre
94 Hamoudah Ahmed Hamoudah Sayyala

Hamoudah Ahmed Sayyala

Votes: 6023

Tripoli Centre
95 Ali Omar Aboalqasem Altekbali

Ali Omar Aboalqasem Altekbali

Votes: 4477

Tripoli Centre
96 Hana Khalifa Khalid Abodeib

Hana Khalifa Khalid Abodeib

Votes: 3503

Tripoli: Hay Alandulus
97 Rabi'aa Abdulrahman Suleiman Aboras

Rabi'aa Abdulrahman Aboras

Votes: 2775

Tripoli: Hay Alandulus
98 Faez Mustafa Fouzi Alsaraj

Fayez Mustafa Fouzi Alsarrsaj

Votes: 3771

Tripoli: Hay Alandulus
99 Ali Rhouma Muhammed Alsaba'ai

Ali Rhouma Alsaba'ai

Votes: 2757

Tripoli: Hay Alandulus
100 Masa'ab Muhammed Alabed Abolqasem

Masa'ab Muhammed Abolqasem

Votes: 2566

Tripoli: Hay Alandulus
101 Alsadeq Muhammed Musbah Idris

Alsadeq Muhammed Idris

Votes: 2460

Tripoli: Ben Ghashir
102 Muhammed Bashir Sa'ad Alfayres

Muhammed Bashir Alfayres

Votes: 2155

Tripoli: Ben Ghashir
103 Sa'ad Almeryami Alhashmi Almeryami

Sa'ad Almeryami Almeryami

Votes: 2248

Tripoli: Abu Salim
104 So'aad Abdullah Muhammed Alsheli

So'aad Abdullah Alsheli

Votes: 2099

Tripoli: Abu Salim
105 Abdulraouf Ibrahim Ali Almana'ai

Abdulraouf Ibrahim Almana'ai

Votes: 1175

Tripoli: Abu Salim
106 Tareq Abdullah Muhammed Alashter

Tareq Abdullah Alashter

Votes: 855

Tripoli: Abu Salim
107 Asma Mahmoud Muhammed Alkhouja

Asma Mahmoud Alkhouja

Votes: 2179

Tripoli: Ain Zara
108 Abdulnaser Bashir Abdulsalam BenNafi'a

Abdulnaser Bashir BenNafi'a

Votes: 925

Tripoli: Ain Zara
109 Ali Ahmed Ali Altekali

Ali Ahmed Ali Altekali

Votes: 676

Tripoli: Ain Zara
110 Osama Faraj Muhammed Alsh'aafi

Osama Faraj Alsh'aafi

Votes: 646

Tripoli: Ain Zara
111 Ali Muftah Omar Almjdoub

Ali Muftah Omar Almjdoub

Votes: 1252

Mseihel + Alsaeh + Sbi'aa
112 Ibtisam Abdulhafid Omar Salem

Ibtisam Abdulhafid Omar Salem

Votes: 5529

 
113 Ibtisam Abdulhafid Omar Salem

Ibtisam Abdulhafid Omar Salem

Votes: 1067

Aziziyah
114 Ali Muhammed Housein Kshir

Ali Muhammed Housein Kshir

Votes: 878

Aziziyah
115 Ezeddine Musbah Aborawi Aborawi

Ezeddine Musbah Aborawi

Votes: 873

Swani Ben Adam
116 Sarah Amer Abduljalil Alsweih

Sarah Amer Abduljalil Alsweih

Votes: 4133

Janzur
117 Aymen Almbrouk Muhammed Saif Alnaser

Aymen Almbrouk Saif Alnaser

Votes: 1289

Janzur
118 Bashir Ali Sa'ad Alahmar

Bashir Ali Sa'ad Alahmar

Votes: 1206

Janzur
119 Omar Ali Alajili Tantoush

Omar Ali Alajili Tantoush

Votes: 958

Mayah
120 Musbah Miloud Ahmed Albadawi

Musbah Miloud Albadawi

Votes: 1316

Nasiriyah
121 Aisha Almahdi Alqmoudi Shalabi

Aisha Almahdi Shalabi

Votes: 6533

Zawia
122 Muhammed Alfitouri Muhammed Alhanish

Muhammed Alfitouri Alhanish

Votes: 2261

Zawia
123 Ali Muhammed Hasan Abozriba

Ali Muhammed Hasan Abozriba

Votes: 2169

Zawia
124 Emarah Ali Hasan Shenbaro

Emarah Ali Hasan Shenbaro

Votes: 1880

Zawia
125 Emhamed Ali Belqasem Sh'aib

Emhamed Ali Belqasem Sh'aib

Votes: 1350

Zawia
126 Salem Masoud Ahmed Qnidi

Salem Masoud Ahmed Qnidi

Votes: 1286

Zawia
127 Abdulnabi Albashir Abdulmawla

Abdulnabi Albashir Abdulmawla

Votes: 922

Zawia
128 Abdullah Housein Abdullah Allafi

Abdullah Housein Allafi

Votes: 893

Zawia
129 Fouzi Althaher Rhouma Alnweiry

Fouzi Althaher Alnweiry

Votes: 1440

Surman
130 Faraj Bashir Belqasem Abdulmalik

Faraj Bashir Abdulmalik

Votes: 777

Sabratah
131 Almabrouk Abdullah Mansour Alkabir

Almabrouk Abdullah Alkabir

Votes: 763

Sabratah
132 Abdulmun'aim Emar Sa'ad Balkour

Abdulmun'aim Emar Balkour

Votes: 1300

Ajaylat
133 Adel Mawloud Muftah Mahfoud

Adel Mawloud Mahfoud

Votes: 772

Ajaylat
134 Asseyyedah Kamel Ali Aly'aqoubi

Asseyyedah Kamel Aly'aqoubi

Votes: 6577

Gharyan
135 Suleiman Omar Muhammed Alharai

Suleiman Omar Alharai

Votes: 1275

Gharyan
136 Salah Ali Alshibani Zoubik

Salah Ali Alshibani Zoubik

Votes: 876

Gharyan
137 N'aim Muhammed Ali Abdulrahman

N'aim Muhammed Abdulrahman

Votes: 738

Gharyan
138 Tareq Aboubaker Emhammed Abouhisa

Tareq Aboubaker Abouhisa

Votes: 2717

Yefren
139 Abdulwahhab Omar Khalifa Zoliyah

Abdulwahhab Omar Zoliyah

Votes: 1309

Alasab'aa
140 Akram Esa Omar Khalifa

Akram Esa Omar Khalifa

Votes: 481

Kikla + Qal'ah
141 Omar Salem Emhammed Alarabi

Omar Salem Alarabi

Votes: 232

Ryayna
142 Muhammed Ahmed Muhammed Niqro

Muhammed Ahmed Niqro

Votes: 553

Arrihibat
143 Salah Alsahbi Ali Balhouq

Salah Alsahbi Ali Balhouq

Votes: 416

Rujban
144 Abdulsalam Abdullah Emhammed Nasiyah

Abdulsalam Abdullah Nasiyah

Votes: 486

Zintan
145 Omar Ghaith Qarmil Abokader

Omar Ghaith Abokader

Votes: 374

Zintan
146 Ali Khalifa Muhammed Al'aisawi

Ali Khalifa Al'aisawi

Votes: 546

Kabaw
147 Salem Masoud Salem Qanan

Salem Masoud Qanan

Votes: 705

Nalut
148 Fahmi Abdulrahman Ali Altawati

Fahmi Abdulrahman Altawati

Votes: 2456

Mizdah
149 Ehfid Khalifa Ahmed Shaninah

Ehfid Khalifa Shaninah

Votes: 1116

Batin Aljabal
150 Abdulqader Bashir Abdulqader Hibah

Abdulqader Bashir Hibah

Votes: 726

Ghadamis
151 Ismaeil Muhammed Bashir Ismaeil

Ismaeil Muhammed Ismaeil

Votes: 704

Jufra
152 Mu'ad Rafi'a Saleh Masoud

Mu'ad Rafi'a Saleh Masoud

Votes: 612

Jufra
153 Mdellah Muhammed Albashir Qendah

Mdellah Muhammed Qendah

Votes: 1966

Jufra
154 Fathi Abdulrahim Muhammed Alqabasi

Fathi Abdulrahim Alqabasi

Votes:1381

Awjilah
155 Hamed Muhammed Hamed  Maqiq

Hamed Muhammed Maqiq

Votes: 770

Jalu + Jakharrad
156 Fatima Ahmed Abdulmajid Omar Karis

Fatima Ahmed Karis

Votes: 1445

Awjilah + Jalu + Jakharrad
157 Muhammed Musa Abdulhamid Douma

Muhammed Musa Douma

Votes: 532

Tazerbu
158 Khadijah Ahmed Aboubaker Alzarouq

Khadijah Ahmed Alzarouq

Votes:2503

Wadi Ashathi
159 Ali Als'aidi Sa'ad Alqaidi

Ali Als'aidi Alqaidi

Votes: 864

Wadi Ashathi
160 Abdullah Muhammed  Naser Lehmish

Abdullah Muhammed Lehmish

Votes: 839

Wadi Ashathi
161 Alhadi Ali Muhammed Alsaghir

Alhadi Ali Alsaghir

Votes:

Wadi Ashathi
162 Abosalah Abdulsalam Abousalah Shalbi

Abosalah Abdulsalam Shalbi

Votes: 797

Wadi Ashathi
163 Muftah Esa Aboubaker  Alkertihi

Muftah Esa Alkertihi

Votes: 705

Wadi Ashathi
164 Rajab Muftah Emar Jum'aa Emar

Rajab Muftah Emar Jum'aa

Votes: 614

Wadi Ashathi
165 Fatima Aboubaker Hmed Abousa'adah

Fatima Aboubaker Abousa'adah

Votes: 2642

Sabha
166 Ahlam Muhammed Allafi Khalifa

Ahlam Muhammed Allafi

Votes: 2326

Sabha
167 Ibrahim Musbah Alhadi Ali

Ibrahim Musbah Alhadi

Votes: 1319

Sabha
168 Musbah Douma Emhammed Ohidah

Musbah Douma Ohidah

Votes: 1189

Sabha
169 Muhammed Abdulsalam Muhammed 'Arifah

Muhammed Abdulsalam 'Arifah

Votes: 898

Sabha
170 Ahmed Alsharef Alsaghir Rhouma

Ahmed Alsharef Rhouma

Votes: 912

Sabha
171 Muhammed Ma'atoug Ejdid

Muhammed Ma'atoug Ejdid

Votes: 782

Sabha
172 Muhammed Almahdi Muhammed Alhdiri

Muhammed Almahdi Alhdiri

Votes: 713

Sabha
173 Yousef Kalikouri Qati Sidi

Yousef Kalikouri Qati Sidi

Votes: 533

Sabha
174 Fatimah Abdulsalam Alhadi Alsou'ai

Fatimah Abdulsalam Alsou'ai

Votes: 1655

Awbari
175 Abdulhafid Alsaghir

Abdulhafid Muhammed Alsaghir

Votes: 760

Awbari
176 Abdulqader Hasen Yahya Sulieman

Abdulqader Hasen Sulieman

Votes: 660

Awbari
177 Hasen Abubaker Omar Saleh

Hasen Abubaker Omar Saleh

Votes: 641

Awbari
178 Abdulsalam Muhammed Ali

Abdulsalam Muhammed Ali

Votes: 641

Awbari
179 Ibrahim Muhammed Krenfouda Ahmed

Ibrahim Muhammed Krenfouda

Votes: 629

Awbari
180 Naser Yousef Muhammed Algheryani

Naser Yousef  Algheryani

Votes: 524

Ghat
181 Saleh Hema Muhammed Bekdah

Saleh Hema Bekdah

Votes: 380

Ghat
182 Muhammed Ali Abdullah  Amoumen

Muhammed Ali Amoumen

Votes: 611

Wadi 'Aitbah
183 Muhammed Ibrahim Esmaeil Tamer

Muhammed Ibrahim Tamer

Votes: 331

Traghen
184 Almahdi Masoud Housein Al'awer

Almahdi Masoud Al'awer

Votes: 246

Um-Alaraneb
185 Ehmid Hamed Ali Houma

Ehmid Hamed Ali Houma

Votes: 464

Tmassah - Zawilah
186 Saleh Qelma Yesko Derkoi

Saleh Qelma Yesko Derkoi

Votes: 1318

Gatroun
187 Rahma Abubaker Ali Adam

Rahma Abubaker Ali Adam

Votes: 2889

Murzuq
       
188 Muhammed Adam Muhammed Lino

Muhammed Adam Lino

Votes: 3060

Murzuq
     
Missing Seats: Berbers, Tebu and Darna:  
189 Zuwarah The Berbers of Zuwarah have boycotted the elections owing to marginalisation by the constitutional declaration and unrepresentation by the 60 committee.
190 Jado The Berbers of Jado have boycotted the elections owing to marginalisation by the constitutional declaration and unrepresentation by the 60 committee.
191 Regdalin + Zulthen    
192 Zuwarah + Surman + Jmail + Regdalin + Zulthen:  undecided one woman seat for all the five areas.
193 Jmail All 8 polling stations were attacked by a group of armed men, who stole all ballot boxes.
194 Darna 17 polling stations closed owing to deteriorating security and increased terrorism.
195 Darna "  
196 Darna "  
197 Darna "  
198 Kufra Tebu  
199 Kufra Tebu  
200 Kufra Tebu  

Disallowed Winners:

Four winners were initially excluded by the HNEC because of the Political Isolation law. Three of these have appealed and won their appeal, and only one winning candidate was excluded, namely Mr. Ibrahim Salem (from Sirte), who was replaced by Abubaker Mohammed. Other members (as shown below) were excluded as a result of court orders due to reported election fraud or court-ordered recounts. In total 41 candidates were affected by the Isolation Law, leading to many analysts to question why the HNEC did not check all the candidates before the election day.

  Ibrahim Muftah Hamed Salem

Ibrahim Muftah Hamed Salem

Excluded because of Isolation Law. The only winning member to be ejected because of the Isolation Law.

Votes: 929

 

Sirte
  Muhammed Othman Ali Alshamakhi

Muhammed Othman Ali Alshamakhi

Removed as a result of court-ordered recounts. Replaced by: Kamal Hsein Alshalbi

Votes: 580

 

Khoms City
  Abdulwahid Emar 'Aashour Alqadi

Abdulwahid Emar 'Aashour Alqadi

Removed due to reported electoral fraud. Replaced by: Bashir Saad Lahmer  

Votes: 1118

 

Janzur
  Abdulaghani Hasan Milad Altoumi

Abdulaghani Hasan Milad Altoumi

Removed as a result of court-ordered recounts. Replaced by: Rajav Meftah Ommar

Votes:639

 

Wadi Ashathi
       
  Hujrah Abdulsalam Eskenda

Hujrah Abdulsalam Eskenda

Removed because the court of appeal has annulled her votes. She was replaced by: Fatima Abdulsalam Alsawiaei

Votes: 2140

 

Awbari
 
Source of data
: www.hnec.ly/

 
  List of HoR members in Arabic   قائمة أعضاء مجلس النواب باللغة العربية

     

 

 

 

 

The Acting President of Libya

 

Mr. Agila Egwaider
Mr. Agila Saleh Esa Egwaider
  عقيلة صالح عيسى اقويدر - عضو البرلمان عن دائرة القبة

 

Mr. Agila Egwaider is the Council member representing the town of Qubah (القبة) – a small town situated between Cyrene and Darna in Cyrenaica. He was voted the President of the House of Representatives on the 4th of August 2014, after securing 77 votes out of 158 votes. In last month's House of Representatives elections Mr. Agila Egwaider won 913 votes, which means he had been elected by less than a thousand people out 4.5 million Libyans.

The absent 30 members who did not attend the first meeting were reported by the Libyan media to have been mostly Islamist members who boycotted the handover ceremony in Tobruk. According to the president of the GNC the handover ceremony should have been held in the capital Tripoli, while according to the House of Representatives the Constitutional Declaration does not say anything about where the HoR should meet. All in all, this may well signal the dreaded possibility of having two governments in Libya: one in Cyrenaica (battling Islamist radicals in Benghazi) and another in Tripolitania (battling liberals in Tripoli)!

Many Libyans were told that the only way for Libya to get back on its amputated feet is to elect a new parliament to replace the failed GNC; but the state of the country inherited from the NTC, like prime minister el-Keib had said in 2012, may be beyond repair; after having been tragically bombed by the UN back to the stone age.

 

كلمة عقيلة صالح في اجتماع القمة العربية

 

 

The President of  The House of Representatives:

First Round Results: (نتائج الجولة الأولى)

HoR deputies election results

 

Second Round Results: (نتائج الجولة الثانية)

HoR deputies election results

 

 

 

First Deputy President: (النائب الأول لرئيس مجلس النواب)

Emhamed Ali Belqasem Sh'aib

Emhamed Ali Belqasem Sh'aib
امحمد علي بلقاسم شعيب
Votes:88 (٨٨)
عضو البرلمان عن دائرة الزاوية

Tripolitania

Zawiya's member at the House of Representatives had been voted to the council by 1350 people from the town of Zawiya. He was voted the First Deputy President by the members of the House of Representatives after securing 88 votes in the second round. During the first round he secured 56 votes, while Ali Als'aidi Alqaidi (علي السعيدي سعد القائدي) secured  47 votes.

النائب الأول لرئيس مجلس النواب امحمد شعيب يقدم استقالته

Mr. Emhamed Ali Sh'aib has resigned on the 17th of December 2017 [1]. According to Alwasat [2] Mr. Sh'aib has been trying to resign for the past two years, but his attempts were rejected by those he respected. However, personal reasons had finally forced him to resign. The first deputy was replaced by Mr. Fawzi Annweiry.

 

Fawzi Annweiry

Fawzi Annweiry
النائب الأول لرئيس مجلس النواب، فوزي النويري

[1] https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/X6YJNQv-AiM
[2] http://www.alwasat.ly/ar/news/libya/162068/

 

 

 

Second Deputy President:النائب الثاني لرئيس مجلس النواب)


Ehmid Hamed Ali Houma


Ehmid Hamed Ali Houma
احميد حمد علي حومه
Votes: 102 (١٠٢)
عضو البرلمان عن دائرة تمسة+مجدول+ام زوير+تربو 

Fezzan

Ehmid Hamed Ali Houma is the House of Representatives member for the areas: Tmassah, Majdoul, Um-Zweir and Terbu. He was voted to the HoR by 464 people. Mr. Houma was voted the Second Deputy President of the Council of Representatives by 102 HoR members, on the 5th of August 2014.

This means that the President of the House of Representatives and his First and Second Deputies represent all the three regions of Libya - Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan respectively.

 

 

 

 

Government

 

cabinet list approved by the HoR

 

According to the PMO's website [1], 110 members out of the 112 present members have voted to approve the government proposed by Mr. Abdullah Althni. The emergency, transitional government consists of caretaker Prime Minister Abdullah Althni, three PM assistants, nine named ministers, and one unnamed minister (surprisingly again, the defence minister, who is listed as "vacant"). The following are the ministers included in the transitional government:

 

  • Prime Minister: Abdullah Althni

  • Deputy Prime Minister for Security: Almahdi Allabad
  • Deputy Prime Minister for Services: Abulsalam Albadri
  • Deputy Prime Minister for (لشؤون الهيئات): Abdulrahman Alahiresh

  • Interior Minister: Omar Alsekni
  • Justice Minister: Almabrouk Omran
  • Foreign Minister: Muhammed Aldayri
  • Defence Minister: "vacant"
  • Planning & Finance Minister: Kamal Alhasi
  • Health Minister: Reda Almanshawi
  • Education Minister: Fathi Almajberi
  • Work & Social Security Minister: MAsoud Sowwah
  • Commerce & Industry Minister: Muneer Aser

 

 

Website of the Libyan Transitional Government

  • Prime Minister's Office (رئاسة مجلس الوزراء  -  الحكومة الليبية المؤقتة): http://www.pm-ly.com/  (inoperational).

  • Prime Minister's Office (رئاسة مجلس الوزراء  -  الحكومة الليبية المؤقت): http://lytgov.com/

 

[1]: source: Prime Minister's Office: http://www.pm.gov.ly/news/مجلس-النواب-يمنح-الثقة-لحكومة-الازمة-في-ليبيا.html

(Please note that many of the links to government announcements and news were removed or became unavailable after the military takeover of Tripoli in 2014. Please accept our apology if the above reference leads to a "dead end".)

Download the full list of the cabinet approved by the HoR .

 

 

 

 

abdullah athinni

Prime Minister Abdullah Althni 

 

 

 

 

News

 

(1) - First Informal Session: 26 July 2014

On the 26th of July 2014 LANA reported that HoR members from the western, middle and southern areas held their first consultative meeting on Saturday to discuss preparations for the 4th of August opening session, including the issue of security in Benghazi. Also they have created a small committee to define the mechanism for getting to Benghazi on time for the opening session on the 4th of August 2014 [*] . There were rumours saying the new parliament will revoke the controversial Political Isolation Law (in order to aid reconciliation), and disband the Islamist-dominated LROR brigade, which was created by the Islamist-dominated GNC.

* lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/57043/ (مجلس النواب يعقد اجتماع تشاوري للتنسيق لعقد الجلسة الأولى في أغسطس المقبل )

 

 

(2) - Council Members Call For An Urgent Meeting In Tobruk:  دعوة لأعضاء مجلس النواب لعقد جلسة عاجلة بمدينة طبرق

Dr. Aboubaker B'airah
Dr. Aboubaker B'airah

The head of the committee appointed to organise the handover ceremony, Dr. Aboubaker B'airah (الدكتور أبوبكر بعيرة), has called for the Council members to meet in Tobruk on Saturday the 2nd of August 2014. In his statement to LANA Dr. Aboubaker said a large number of members insisted on an urgent meeting  to discuss the deteriorating situation in Libya [*]. However, according to the GNC's spokesman, no one has the legal right to decide where or when the first session can be held except the GNC, and that the handover ceremony stays scheduled for the 4th of August as set by law 56/2014 (lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/57227/).

* lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/57220/ (دعوة مجلس النواب لعقد جلسة عاجلة بمدينة طبرق)

 

(3) - The House of Representatives Holds Handover Ceremony in Tobruk

HOR handover ceremony from the GNC

Screen capture from Libya For The Free TV (libya.tv), confirming that the handover ceremony took place in Tobruk.

On the 4th of August 2014, the House of Representatives held its handover ceremony in Tobruk. The number of council representatives who attended the ceremony, according to Libya TV, is 170, while  according to Libya Herald only 158 were present in the meeting. Unlike the handover from the NTC to the GNC, only the First Deputy President of the GNC (Mr. Ezzedin al-Awami) and the Justice Minister (Mr. Salah al-Marghani) have attended the ceremony. The opening meeting of the HoR was chaired by Dr. Abubaker Mustafa Ali B'airah (الدكتور أبوبكر بعيرة), Benghazi's HoR member.

 

 

(4) - Voting The President of The House of Representatives: نتائج التصويت لاختيار رئيس مجلس النواب

Saleh Esa Egwaider
The President of the House of Representatives: Mr. Agila Saleh Esa Egwaider (عقيلة صالح عيسى اقويدر)

4/8/2014:

First Round Results: no member was able to secure a majority from 158 votes. Thirty (30) elected members did not attend the first session, most of whom according to Libyan media were Islamists who boycotted the handover ceremony in Tobruk. 

بوبكر مصطفى بعيرة
Abubaker Mustafa Ali B'airah: 54 votes

عقيلة صالح عيسى اقويدر
Agila Saleh Esa Egwaider: 46 votes

 

Second Round Results:

عقيلة صالح عيسى اقويدر
Agila Saleh Esa Egwaider: 77 votes

بوبكر مصطفى بعيرة
Abubaker Mustafa Ali B'airah: 74votes

 

 

 

(5) - Protests in Misrata Against The HoR's Decision to Meet in Tobruk

06 August 2014:

Protesters gathered in Misrata protesting against the House of Representatives' decision to conduct its duties from Tobruk, and even describing the move as a "coup". It is reported that some of the 30 members who did not attend the HoR's first meeting in Tobruk are from Misrata. According to LANA, the protesters are supporting the "Libya Dawn" operation to correct the path of the 17th of February and to confront the remnants of the ousted regime (lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/57573/).

 

 

(6) - Public Support For The House of Representatives

07 August 2014:

Tripoli's Civil Societies have declared their full support for the elected House of Representatives. Tribal leaders from Benghazi have also declared their support for the House of Representatives. On the other hand, the people and the revolutionaries of Sabratha have declared their neutral stand and instead urged the HoR to call  for an iimmediate ceasefire.

Operation Dignity's air force commander, Brigadier-General Saqr Adam Algeroushi, has confirmed that Dignity Operation members fully support the new House of Representatives, and that it is the duty of Benghazi's Libyan Army to protect the Council. Demonstrations were also held in Zintan in support of the newly elected Libyan House of Representatives.

All in all, the operation to divide Libyans into two conflicting groups has began. Let us hope the Third Transitional Government (the HoR) can do the Herculean task: to steer Libya away from the clutches of the "Anonymous Enemy". Such task is doable only if people refuse to fight each other no matter what.

 

 

(7) - HoR Questions Chief of Staff: مجلس النواب يستدعي رئيس الأركان العامة

major-general abdulsalam al-obeidi
Chief of Staff Major-General Abdulsalam Jadallah  al-Obeidi (رئيس الأركان العامة للجيش الليبي اللواء ركن عبدالسلام العبيدي) 

10 August 2014:

After calling for an immediate ceasefire a few days ago, the HoR invited Chief of Staff Major-General Abdulsalam al-Obeidi  for questioning over the current clashes in Tripoli and Benghazi. According to the HoR's social media page, General Obeidi revealed that the Libyan army is about to collapse (الجيش الليبي على وشك الانهيار), and that he has no control over the run-away militias involved in the clashes in Tripoli and Benghazi. He said those militias do not belong to his army and therefore he is incapable of issuing orders to ceasefire in Tripoli and Benghazi (عاجز عن إصدار أوامره بوقف إطلاق النار بطرابلس وبنغازي، وأن القوات المهاجمة لا تتبعه).

 

 

(8) - HoR Calls For All Absent Members To Resume Their Duties

28 August 2014:

The HoR finally made the decision to recall all absent members to attend the sessions of the House of Representatives in Tobruk. It appears that the call may be a warning for the members to fulfil their expectation before the HoR elects a new replacement.

 

 

(9) - HoR (مجلس النواب يكلف الثني بتشكيل حكومة)

1 September 2014:

The HoR has voted Mr. Althni transitional Prime Minister. He was instructed to form an emergency governent of 18 ministers. Only 111 members attended the session.  Source: http://www.hor.ly/index.php/ct-menu-item-12/ct-menu-item-14/192-2014-09-01-12-29-31

Note:

Please note that since September 2014 we were unable to confirm any news relating to the HoR. We consider www.hor.ly is the only official site for the government of Libya, but unfortunately the website has become unavauilble since the GNC tookover of Tripoli last year.

 

 

(10) - HoR Extends Its Mandate (تمديد ولاية مجلس النواب الليبي حتى تسليم السلطة لجسم شرعي )

05 October 2015:

The HoR has extended its mandate to remain in power until the handover of power to a legitimate body.

HoR extends its terms of office

 

 

 

(11) - The HoR Splits Into Two Blocs

18 November 2015:

When Mr. Leon had specifically singled out the president of the HoR and the president of the GNC for obstructing the UN-controlled dialogue (by not allowing their members to vote over his GNA proposal) he has in effect split each congress into two opposing blocs, and thus creating more tension instead of uniting the two parties per his alleged mission. The HoR, for example, as a direct result of the UN's violations of the signed draft agreement, has been divided into two groups: one group led by around 92 HoR members, who went on to sign the violations committed by the UN and which later became known as "Bloc 92" [2]; and another group who rejected the violations in principle and instead insisted on abiding by the signed draft agreement, which later became known as the "Sovereignty Bloc" [3]. The sovereignty bloc rejects any foreign-imposed government and any foreign military force to protect such government. Reportedly [4] it was Bloc 92 that gave permission to the HoR members to sign the Skhirat LPA on the 17th of December 2015; which suggests that there are two governing bodies at the HoR. The HoR's website so far had failed to clarify this fundamental issue to the Libyan people.

 

(12) - Fezzan's HoR Members Form A Southern Bloc (بعض أعضاء مجلس النواب أسسوا كتلة الجنوب)

1 August 2017

As an excerice of chaos and division the Fazzan members of the House of Representatives have also formed their own "gang", else known as "bloc", inside the HoR [5]. They called it the "Southern Bloc" (كتلة الجنوب). Now this is what you call "street democracy". The head of the "gang" is Mr. Alhadi Ali Alsagheer (رئيس الكتلة الهادي الصغير). To download a copy of the founding manifesto please follow this link: http://www.libyan-parliament.org/البيان-التأسيسي-لكتلة-الجنوب-بمجلس-ال/

 


[1] https://independentaustralia.net/politics/politics-display/has-the-un-failed-in-libya,8379
[2] https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/j6ywwTfH244
[3] libyan-parliament.org/كتلة-السيادة-الوطنية-بمجلس-النواب-لا-ي/
[4] https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/j6ywwTfH244
[5] https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/yfOFNx1BH5U
[6] http://www.libyan-parliament.org/البيان-التأسيسي-لكتلة-الجنوب-بمجلس-ال/

 

 

 

 

 

 

Constitutional Persecution

tamazight flag

 

The Berbers' stand regarding this latest round of elections is disappointment and wide disagreement. The Tuareg Berbers of the Sahara have participated in the elections (even though they boycotted the elections of the constitutional committee), while the Berbers of Zuwarah and Jado did not take part in the House of Representatives elections.

 

The Berbers of Zuwarah & Jado Boycott HoR Elections

amazigh council boycotts parliamentary elections
Self-appointed Amazigh Council

A conference was held in Zuwarah to discuss the Berbers' participation in the House of Representatives elections. The attendees agreed to boycott the elections. Their demands were outlined in a manifesto called (البيان الختامي), meaning "The Final Manifesto", announced in Zuwarah on the 10th of May 2014. Their demands can be summarised as follows:

  1. Amend the CD's Article 30 in relation to the principle of "consensus".
  2. Increase the number of parliament members from the Berber areas.
  3. Assign parliament members to the excluded areas.

 

Demands of the Amazigh Council: (announced on the 18 of May 2014)

  1. Boycott the parliamentary elections.
  2. Amend the CD's Article 30 in relation to the principle of "consensus".

 

Download the Final Manifesto of the Zuwarah conference

 

 

Kabaw (Nafousa Mountain): 5 مراكز انتخابية لم تفتتح بسبب مقاطعة الأمازيغ في مدينة كاباو

According to LANA, all the HoR election centres in the Kabaw sub-constituency 44 were open for election except five polling stations in Kabaw, which did not open due to the Berbers' boycott [1]. However, the HNEC's published results reveal that Kabaw's Ali Khalifa Alaisawi had won 546 votes, indicating a very low participation [2].

Nalut

Very low turnout: Salem Masoud Qanan secured only 705 votes.

 

Tuareg Berbers Will Take Part in Parliamentary Elections

The Tuareg Supreme Council has confirmed on the 27th of May 2014 that the Tuareg will take part in the House of Representatives election. They said taking part will help Libya towards stability. The president of the council, Mr. Moulay Qadid (مولاي قديدي), was reported to have said that the reason for the Tuareg's participation is to ensure their rights from the principle of being a component of the Libyan society.

Ironically, the Tuareg of Ghadames still are stranded in Awal in refugee camps, just like the tragedy of Tawerghans, and yet the government is unable to secure a return for them to their homes in Ghadames, despite all these years, but can provide ballot boxes for them to vote in Awal. Bring the boxes, fill them in, take them away, and leave the Berbers in the desert where they belong.

Tuareg areas participating in the elections:

  • Ghat
  • Awbari
  • Ghadames (from Awal refugee camp)
  • Murzuq

Very low turnout in all Tuareg areas

Ghadames: Abdulqader Hiba secured only 726 votes.
Ghat: Naser Yousef Algheryani secured only 524 votes.
Ghat: Saleh Hemah Bekdah secured only 380 votes.
Murzuq: Muhammed Ahmed Linu secured 3060 votes.
Awbari: Abdulhafid Muhammed Alsaghir secured 760 votes.

 

Tebu Participate in Elections: (التبو بمنطقة الكفرة يعلنون مشاركتهم في انتخابات مجلس النواب)

Despite all the problems the Tebu tribes will take part in the elections of the House of Representatives, Housein Ayah told Lana [3].  However, Solidarity Press reported that 10 polling stations were closed (out of 13) to avoid the violations encountered during the GNC election [4].

However, the 3 seats assigned to Kufra remain undecided as of the 6th of August 2014.

 

[1] lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/55012/ (الدائرة الفرعية 44 كاباو شهدت إقبالا كثيفا على المراكز الانتخابية لاختيار ممثليهم في مجلس النواب المرتقب)
[2] results.hnec.ly/cor/ballot/8/44
[3] lana-news.ly/ara/news/view/54958/ (التبو بمنطقة الكفرة يعلنون مشاركتهم في انتخابات مجلس النواب)
[4] presssolidarity.net/news/ONENEWS/69107-10_مراكز_انتخابية_بالكفرة_ترفض_استقبال_الناخبين/

 

 

 

 

Laws & Decrees

(1) - The Decision to Meet in Tobruk

On the 4th of August 2014, the House of Representatives made its first decision to hold its handover ceremony in Tobruk’s Dar Assalam Hotel. GNC officials and party and rebel leaders quickly declared their opposition to the decision, stating that the move violates the (controversial) Constitutional Declaration, and  that Tobruk is used by Dignity leaders to bomb Benghazi (in their war against Islamist militants and outlaw militias).

According to most Libyans, the level of terrorism plighting Benghazi ever since the presumed liberation is sufficient enough to move the parliament away from Tibesti Hotel and to any other town in Libya; after all Tibesti hotel was a target of a number of terrorist attacks in the past few years. Given the fact that the GNC had repeatedly failed to protect itself in Tripoli, the GNC's opposition to the HoR's decision is illogical. 

The most important point overlooked by most parties is that Decree 56 (of Year 2014), issued by the GNC itself, has decided the 4th of August 2014 to be the handover day, but it failed to define where this ceremony should take place. This is strange decision, since it should have been decided then where and when the ceremony should take place, in order to allow HoR members the time to prepare for the meeting and implement security. Leaving  such important point undefined the GNC has only itself to blame.

More importantly, according to Benghazi's HoR member Mr. Muftah Ekwider (مفتاح اكويدير), the comments made by some politicians and party leaders regarding Tobruk are invalid because Mr. Nuri Busahmain himself had already authorised the Office of the House of Representatives to determine the date and the venue of the House of Representatives according to Decree 59; and that the CD itself spoke of transfer of power to the House of Representatives within two weeks of announcing the final results of the elections. In addition to these two reasons, he continued, the dangers posed by the collapse of security in Benghazi, as noted by the commander of the House of Representatives Protection Force and also by the Ministry of Interior, has led HoR members to search for an alternative place to meet.  

Download Decree 56 of 2014

Download the HoR's statement regarding Tobruk's meeting

 

 

(2)- Constitutional Amendment 8:  (التعديل الدستوري الثامن)

06 August 2014:

According to the website of the House of Representatives, the members of the Council have issued their first decree, amending Article 34 of the February Commission Proposal that was approved by GNC's CD Amendment 7. The HoR amendment adds a new clause to Article 34, as follows:

طبرق
6 August 2014
اصدر مجلس النواب اليوم قرارا أضاف بموجبه فقرة جديدة إلى المادة 34 من مقترح لجنة فبراير المعتمد بمقتضي التعديل الدستوري السابع بحيث يكون نصها على النحو التالي: وإلى حين انتخاب رئيس الدولة المؤقت يمارس مجلس النواب كافة الاختصاصات الواردة أعلاه باستثناء الاختصاصين المنصوص عليهما في الفقرتين الأولى والتاسعة من المادة المشار إليها التي تسند إلى رئيس مجلس الوزراء وفي جميع الأحوال يجوز لمجلس النواب أن يفوض مكتب رئاسة المجلس في جميع أو بعض الاختصاصات المسندة إلى هذا المجلس بمقتضي هذا التعديل

Temehu.com's Translation:

State of Libya
Libyan House of Representatives

Constitutional Amendment 8

After consulting:

The temporary Constitutional Declaration issued on the 3rd of August 2011 and its amendments,
And  Law (10) of 2014, regarding the election of the House of Representatives for the transitional period,
And the GNC’s Decree (62) of 2013, regarding endorsing amending GNC’s internal rules of procedure,
And what the House of Representatives had concluded on its session of the 6th of August in Tobruk.

Issued The Following Constitutional Amendment:

Article (1)

Adding a new clause to Article 34 of the February Commission Proposal that was approved by the Constitutional Amendment 7, as follows:

- And until electing the country's “temporary” president, the “temporary” House of Representatives will carry out all the above responsibilities except the two responsibilities defined by clauses 1 and 9 of the aforementioned article which will be the responsibility of the prime minister.

And in all cases the House of Representatives can refer any or all of its responsibilities to the Office of the President of the House of Representatives according to this amendment.

Article (2)

This amendment is effective from the date of its issuance, and be published in the official newspaper.

Temporary House of Representatives

Issued in Tobruk, 09 Shawal 1435, 06 August 2014

 

Download the Constitutional Declaration Amendment 8 (in Arabic)

Download the Constitutional Declaration Amendment 8 (in English: full translation provided by temehu.com for informational purposes only)

Download the February Commission Constitutional Proposal as approved by CD Amendment 7

For other Constitutional Amendments please see Libyan Constitutions.

 

 

(3) - HoR Decrees Ceasefire:

06 August 2014:

The House of Representatives has called for all fighting parties without exception to stop fighting without any conditions and to stop the attacks on civilians. The HoR will take the necessary actions required to guarantee the protection of civilians and government institutions if fighting does not stop immediately. This decree is effective from the date of its issuance: 6th of August 2014.

Download Decree 3 of 2014 Calling for ceasefire

 

 

(4) - HoR Decrees Direct Election of Libya’s President (مجلس النواب يوافق على اختيار رئيس الدولة الليبية عن طريق الانتخابات المباشرة):

12 August 2014:

One hundred and forty one (141) members of the Libyan House of Representatives have voted to elect Libya's president via direct elections. Only 144 members were present , with 2 members voting against and 1 abstained (صوت عضوين بلا ، وامتنع أحد الأعضاء عن التصويت). 
Source: House of Representatives:  hor.ly/index.php/ct-menu-item-12/ct-menu-item-14/158-2014-08-12-13-43-24

Download Decree 5 of 2014 Electing Libya's President via direct elections

 

 

(5) - : HoR Decrees Foreign Intervention to Protect Civilians: مجلس النواب يصدر قراراً بالأغلبية للمطالبة بالتدخل العاجل لحماية المدنيين في ليبيا

13 August 2014:

The House of Representatives has decided to invite a foreign intervention to protect civilians in Libya; apparently because no one took notice of its call for ceasefire (issued 7 days ago). The decision was voted by only 111 members out of 200 members (out of whom only 124 were present during the voting session) (hor.ly/index.php/ct-menu-item-12/ct-menu-item-14/160-2014-08-13-11-32-26 ).

  1. Article (1): the House of Representatives is calling for the United Nations Security Council to:
    المادة الأولى: يطالب مجلس النواب الليبي هيئة الأمم المتحدة ومجلس الأمن الدولي بالتدخل العاجل لحماية المدنين ومؤسسات الدولة في ليبيا 

  2. Article (2): the Office of the Presidency of the Council of Representatives is authorised to take all necessary measures to implement the provisions of this decree:
    المادة الثانية: يفوض مكتب رئاسة مجلس النواب باتخاذ كافة التدابير اللازمة لتنفيذ أحكام هذا القرار


Even though the published statement does not specifically call for "military intervention", the Libyan House of Representatives is urged to re-consider its hasty decision to invite any kind of intervention, especially from the UN, simply because the current chaos in Libya was undoubtedly due to the first intervention authorised by the UN to bomb Libya back to square one without an exit strategy.

All the latest reports coming from the west state that they (the UN-authorised forces) "got it wrong" and that they "have learnt the lessons from Libya" do not add up, since no one then took any notice of the exit strategy proposed by a British-led team during the so-called "Contact Group" meetings in Istanbul (involving Arab dictators, of course), nor of the reports of extremist groups being armed by some of the countries authorised by the UN to bomb Libya in 2011 (including dictatorial countries, of course).

Therefore the right decree to pass would be to investigate the first intervention and question the UN if it ever achieved its objective to "protect civilians" by destroying Libya's entire infrastructure while others were left arming the unleashed extreme militias in the background. 

 

 

(6) - : HoR Dissolves All Irregular Armed Groups Not Part of The Government

13 August 2014:

The House of Representatives has decided to dissolve all irregular armed groups that are not part of the Libyan army:
اصدر مجلس النواب قراره السابع لسنة 2014م والذي يقضي بحل كافة التشكيلات غير النظامية
The decree was voted by 102 members (out of 104 present members).


Download Decree 7 of 2014 Dissolving all irregular armed groups and forming the Libyan Army instead

 

 

(7) - HoR Elects Colonel Alnadouri Chief of Staff of The Libyan Army

mr. alnadouri

Chief of Staff Number 5: Colonel Abdul Razzaq Alnadouri
(رئيس الأركان العامة للجيش الليبي العقيد عبدالرزاق الناظوري)

 23 August 2014:

The House of Representatives has elected Colonel Abdul Razzaq Alnadouri Chief of Staff. He was promoted to the rank of "Major-General" (اللواء) after he was voted by 88 representatives (out of 124 present representatives) (www.hor.ly/index.php/ct-menu-item-12/ct-menu-item-14/184-2014-08-24-17-51-34).

Colonel Alnadouri is from the town of Merj, in Cyrenaica. He took part in the war against government forces in February 2011 after forming Alawfiya Militia (كتيبة الأوفياء) from fighters from various Cyrenaican towns. After establishing their barracks in Tarhouna, apparently guarding a weapons storage facility, Alawfiya changed their name to Militia 124 Battalion.

He was reported to have been the first to join Haftar's Dignity Battle against Islamists and terror groups in Cyrenaica, where he became the First Deputy Major-General for Khalifa Haftar (المساعد الاول للواء الركن خليفه حفتر). 

 

 

(8) - HoR Issues Terror Prevention Law: ( قانون مكافحة الإرهاب )

14 September 2014:

The HoR has issued a detailed law regarding terrorism in Libya. The law defines what constitutes a terror act and sets the punishment for each terror act accordingly. This is a significant step forward for which the country was destroyed; instead of building Libya and getting on with prosperous life, the Libyans found themselves plighted with sponsored terrorism which now requires specific laws and procedures to live with (rather than eradicate).

Download Law 3 of 2014 Regarding Terror Prevention

 

 

(9) - HoR Approves Government Proposed by Althni  ( مجلس النواب يوافق على حكومة الأزمة التي قدمها الثني )

22 September 2014:

According to the PMO's website, 110 members have voted to approve the government proposed by Abdullah Althni. The emergency, transitional government consists of caretaker Prime Minister Abdullah Althni, three PM assistants, and ten ministers. Surprisingly, again, there was no minister for the ministry of defence. For more information please see the Government tab (in the above green menu).

Download the full list of the cabinet approved by the HoR from.

 

 

(10) - HoR Abolishes The Controversial Isolation Law (صوَت مجلس النواب على إلغاء قانون العزل السياسي)

2 February 2015

The House of Representatives (HoR) was reported to have finally voted by a majority of those present on the abolition of the controversial Political Isolation Law. It is not possible to access the HoR's website for official confirmation, but according to Press Solidarity [1] the news was confirmed by Isa Alaribi, a member of the House of Representative. The law was reportedly passed by the gun on May 2013 when the GNC was still in power. 

A few days later, the interior minister Omar Alsekni revealed that 90% of Libya's problems are caused by the isolation law, and that freezing the law will enable the return of the administrative, security and military personnel to their positions so that they can participate in the construction of Libya's future.

In relation to the reported dispute between the prime minister Althni and the retired Major General Khalifa Haftar (in reference to Haftar's failed attempt to prevent Althni's plane landing in Benghazi), Mr. Alsekni was reported to have said that there is "no place in  new Libya for a new Gaddafi" [3].

However, according to Alrseefa [4] the president of the HoR's finance committee Mr. Abdulsalam Naseyah (عبد السلام نصية) said in his social page that the voting was illegal because it did not achieve the required majority of 101 votes stipulated by the 5th Amendment of the Constitutional Declaration, and that the project to abolish the isolation law should be assigned to the HoR's constitutional and legislative committee to prepare for another vote.

[1] presssolidarity.net/news/ONENEWS/83864/
[3] presssolidarity.net/news/ONENEWS/84683/
[4] alrseefa.net/archives/21341

 

 

(11) The HoR Conditionally-Approves The Libyan Political Agreement While Rejecting The GNA & Article (8)

25 January 2016:

The House of Representatives had conditionally-approved the Libyan Political Agreement by 96 votes (out of 104) [1]. The HoR had also "canceled" (إلغاء) Article (8) of the same Libyan Political Agreement by 86 votes [44], and "rejected" the proposed GNA government of 32 ministers by 89 votes [2]. Please see GNA for more information.

[1] libyan-parliament.org/مجلس-النواب-يرفض-تشكيلة-الحكومة-الوزا/
[2] lananews.com/ar/2016/01/مجلس-النواب-يرفض-مقترح-حكومة-الوفاق-وي/

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Official Websites

 

 

hor logo

 

The HoR has never had an official website. Libyan government websites usually have .gov.ly domains (for example, gnc.gov.ly is the official website of the previous parliament). The first domain of the House of Representatives does not have the official .gov extension; probably because the HoR was never allowed entry to the capital Tripoli. Later the capital was taken over by militias in a military coup that reinstated the defunct GNC to power. It seems plausible that the HoR had no access to the domain authority in the hijacked capital, and so it created its first .ly domain (see next).

 

 

Website 1

http://www.hor.ly/

This is the first domain the HoR used for its official website. Unfortunately, since the .ly domain authority is located in Tripoli this domain too began to experience some issues shortly after the Libya Dawn militia took control of the capital. Shortly afterwards the HoR was denied this domain too, and the website was thereafter "closed" or locked since around September 2014. Visiting this domain displays the following home page:


HoR first website
"website closed"

The home page of  the HoR's first .ly website (http://www.hor.ly/)

In 2016 the site disappeared altogether, and instead the browser returns: "Server not found".

 

 

 

Website 2

http://www.libyan-parliament.org/

As a result, the HoR was forced to use .org domain for its official website, which appeared around February 2015.

 

HoR second website

The "home page" of the second website of the HoR (http://www.libyan-parliament.org/ ). This website went offline in November 2018. See the new website below.

 

 

Website 3

Social webpages: there are other facebook pages claiming to represent the HoR, but since there are no links from libyan-parliament.org to these pages one cannot be sure if they are official or fake. To locate these pages just search facebook for: مجلس-النواب-ليبيا

 

HoR  website 4
The new website of the House of Representatives: http://parliament.ly/


Website 4

In November 2018 the HoR has finally recovered its .ly domain (http://parliament.ly/). This change occured shortly before the HoR released Referendum Law 6 of 2018 and CD Amendemnts 10 and 11 . Even though the HoR seems to have recovered his .ly status it still does not have a .gov domain as the hijackers of Tripoli do.

 

 

WayBack Machine Website Map:

The WayBack Machine's sitemap of the HoR website gives a snapshot of the site at any time from 2015 to the present (just run the mouse on any area of the circle to select the required date and then click).